Light detection and ranging (lidar) with Doppler capability (direct and coherent mode), typically used for measurements of winds.
Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS)
Light detection and ranging (lidar) with high spectral resolution capability, typically used for measurements of cloud and aerosol particle phase properties, ocean properties, and mixed layer height.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Monitor for AeRosols and GAses (MARGA) Metrohm
None of the codes in the table are applicable in the context of this particular observation.
Pyranometer (measurement of IR radiation)
Radiosonde with radiotheodolite tracking
Filter sampling (analytical method unspecified)
Electrical aspiration (Frankenberger type)
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS)
Contrast-evaluating and scanning devices
Sunshine duration is determined by combining multi-sensor detectors with an electronic discriminator.
Particle soot absorption photometry (PSAP)
Gas chromatography and detection by a thermal conductivity detector.
Electronic pressure transducer (silicon diaphragm)
Colorimetry (mercury thiocyanate+iron alum)
Quantum cascade laser (QCL) spectroscopy
Filter + beta attenuation (betameter, beta gauge)
Visual range is calculated by measuring the return of light beam scattered by diffusion in air.
A thermometer having a bulb that is kept moistened when humidity determinations are being made with a psychrometer. The wet-bulb temperature is the temperature a parcel of air would have if it were cooled to saturation (100% relative humidity) by the evaporation of water into it, with the latent heat being supplied by the parcel.
Light detection and ranging (Lidar) profiler for temperature measurements
Aerodynamic particle sizing spectrometer (APS)
Determination of the counts measured per unit time as a result of radionuclide decay.
Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS)
Colorimetry (sodium salicylate method for nitrate)
Light detection and ranging (lidar) with differential absorption lidar (DIAL) capability, typically used for trace gas measurements, most notably ozone and water vapor. This technique can be extended to molecules which have suitably defined differential absorption characteristics.
Light detection and ranging (lidar) with Raman capability, typically used for measurements of aerosol particle phase and cloud measurements as well as water vapor and temperature.
Collection of fog using a mesh or similar capturing device and subsequent determination of the equivalent volume or mass of water.
Light detection and ranging (lidar) capable of determining the linear or circular depolarization ratio, typically used to discriminate spherical and non-spherical particles.
Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR)
Filter sampling + photo multiplier tube (PMT)
Radiosonde with composite method tracking
Adsorption tube (charcoal) + elution + GC
Tunable diode lase spectroscopy (TDLS)
Gas chromatography and detection by cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry.
Sound detection and ranging (Sodar) profiler
Electrostatic collection + alpha counting
Alpha counting after electrostatic collection of measurand.
Observation of clouds from the Earth's surface by a human observer (ref: https://cloudatlas.wmo.int/en/observation-of-clouds-from-the-earths-surface.html)
Chemical ionization MS (CIMS) with matrix isolation
Flask sampling (analytical method unspecified)
Measurement/observing method (atmosphere)
Filter + light attenuation (aethalometer)
Elastic backscatter light detection and ranging (lidar) typically used for measurements of cloud and aerosol particle phase optical properties (e.g., extinction and backscatter coefficient), altimetry, ocean optical properties, and mixed layer height.
Integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar
Light detection and ranging (lidar) with integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) capability, typically used for column measurements of CH4 and CO2.
Tetrachloromercurate (TCM) absorption - CL
Visual range is calculated by measuring the extinction coefficient of a beam of energy sent through a volume of air.
Infrared absorption measurement based on the gas-filter correlation technique, a specifique variant of NDIR.
Integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS)
UV fluorescence-based hygrometer (Lyman-α)
Detection of UV fluorescence signal emitted by the excited OH radical produced from H2O after dissociation using UV light.
Liquid-in-glass thermometer (mercury-free)
Sunshine duration is determined by evaluating the burnt areas imprinted by the sun in a strip of carton or aluminum foil placed behind a glass sphere.
TCCON Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (TCCON-FTIR)
Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectroscopy (TILDAS)
Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectroscopy (TILDAS).
The measurement/observing method is unknown.
Differential mobility particle sizer (DMA, DMPS)
Radio detection and ranging (Radar) profiler